Transvaginal ultrasound (US)
A transvaginal ultrasound engages inserting an ultrasound probe into the woman's vagina.
US treats in such a way:
- Ultrasound waves emitted from the probe pass through the vaginal wall and bounce off the ovaries, producing an image or photograph of the ovaries.
- If follicular development appears normal, the next step usually involves an injection of the hormone HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) to trigger ovulation, followed by intrauterine insemination.
Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
For the period of ovulation, a woman's cervical mucus should be abundant, clear, and slippery to make easy the sperm's passage up through the cervical canal. But if it's not, which may be the case for women on CC infertility therapy, IUI is an effective medical alternative. IUI includes separating the sperm from the seminal fluid and resuspending it in a small amount of fluid that's then placed directly inside the uterus.
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone that stimulates the ovaries and triggers ovulation. It's frequently used in women for whom CC medication doesn't work but in whom follicular development appears normal. HCG is a very effective fertility drug that should only be used under the guidance of a fertility specialist.
Assisted reproductive technology (ART)
Even if the success of assisted reproduction has augmented substantially over the past 10 years, it makes up less than 5% of all infertility treatments. Assisted reproductive technology is a high-quality treatment option for couples who are infertile as a result of male infertility factors, unexplained infertility (which accounts for about 20% of all infertility cases), tubal factors (blockage or abnormalities in the fallopian tubes), or endometriosis. This is significant that patients who might benefit from these high-tech treatments consult fertility specialists who are knowledgeable about all of the options.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
The most popular ART technique is in vitro fertilization. Latin term in vitro fertilization meaning "in glass." In IVF, the woman's eggs are surgically removed and mixed with sperm in a glass dish. A couple of days later, when the eggs have been fertilized, they are placed in the woman's uterus where they continue to develop.
IVF is a pricey, delicate procedure that requires sophisticated equipment and expertise. The normal pregnancy rate for IVF patients is about the same as that for fertile couples who conceive and carry the infant to term.
Bear in mind:
- Smoking cigarettes has been shown to decrease the number of eggs available for fertilization and increase the risk for a woman's eggs to have genetic abnormalities.
- Cessation of smoking for at least 2 months before attempting IVF considerably improves the chances for conception.
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